Introduction
This interactive tool gives insight into the expected grid impact for a certain situation, with the following relevant input variables: the Electric Vehicle (EV) type, number of EVs, annual mileage (km), efficiency of EVs, and distribution of charging demand over different type of charging locations. These input parameters are used to calculate the annual electricity demand per charging location. 1
The tool includes two different kind of power charging profiles, a regular profile and a profile that aims to reduce the peak load (an instance of smart charging). For the regular profile a constant available power of 11 kW is assumed throughout the day. In this scenario an EV starts to charge immediately when connected. In the peak-reduction profile the available power is reduced from 11 kW to 4 kW between 5 pm and 11pm, whereafter the available power is increased again with 1 kW per hour until it reaches 11 kW at 6 am.
The charging profiles are based on the output of a simulation model. For each month we sampled random sessions from several datasets containing historical charging sessions. We then calculated the electricity demand per 15-minute interval during the year and divided these numbers by the total simulated electricity demand to obtain relative profile fractions. A more extensive description of how the simulation model has been built can be found in the report:
ElaadNL Outlook Laadprofielen (2023)